Many professionals dream of working and living permanently in the United States. For skilled workers, executives, and investors, an employment-based Green Card is a path to achieving that goal. If you’re considering this route, understanding the available categories and requirements helps you make informed decisions about your future.
This article explores employment-based Green Cards. It tackles the different types, eligibility requirements, and Texas-specific factors influencing the process. Moreover, it also provides insights into how an immigration attorney can assist you in every step.

Understanding Employment-Based Green Cards
A Green Card, or a Permanent Resident Card, grants foreign citizens the legal right to live and work in the U.S. indefinitely. This status also provides a pathway to U.S. citizenship for those who meet the eligibility requirements.
There are several ways to apply, including family petition, refugee or asylum status, and the Diversity Visa Lottery. However, for professionals and investors, an employment-based Green Card provides permanent residency based on their skills, job offers, or investments.
The process, eligibility, and requirements depend on the employment-based category that you pursue. Some require employer sponsorship and labor certification, while others allow self-petitioning. Understanding these distinctions helps you select the right path for your qualifications and career goals.
Employment-Based Green Card Categories
Employment-based Green Cards are divided into five preference categories, each with specific eligibility requirements. The right option depends on your qualifications, work experience, and long-term goals.
EB-1: Priority Workers
The EB-1 category is for individuals with significant achievements in their fields. It includes those with extraordinary ability in sciences, arts, education, business, or athletics. Outstanding professors, researchers, and multinational executives also qualify.
Applicants must provide strong evidence of their achievements, such as awards, publications, leadership roles, or recognitions. While the criteria are strict, this category typically has faster processing times.
EB-2: Professionals With Advanced Degrees or Exceptional Ability
The EB-2 category applies to professionals with a master’s degree or higher and those with exceptional ability in the sciences, arts, or business. Most applicants in this category must have a job offer from a U.S. employer.
A key exception to the job offer requirement is the National Interest Waiver (NIW). This waiver allows self-petitioning if the applicant’s work significantly benefits the country. This option is common for STEM, healthcare, and research professionals whose work benefits national interests like technology, public health, or economic growth.
EB-3: Skilled Workers, Professionals, And Other Workers
The EB-3 category applies to individuals who meet specific skill or education requirements. Applicants must have a permanent, full-time job offer from a U.S. employer. The three groups under EB-3 each have distinct eligibility criteria.
- Skilled workers must have at least two years of training or experience in a job that is not temporary or seasonal.
- Professionals must hold at least a U.S. bachelor’s degree or its foreign equivalent and work in a field requiring that degree.
- Other workers perform unskilled labor requiring less than two years of training or experience in a permanent, non-seasonal job.
This category requires employer sponsorship, and applicants must meet all job-related qualifications. Processing times vary based on demand, but EB-3 remains a viable option for many foreign workers seeking permanent residency.
EB-4: Special Immigrant Workers
EB-4 visas are for specific groups, including religious workers, translators, and employees of international organizations. This category is less common but provides a route to permanent residency for eligible applicants. Religious institutions, media organizations, and government agencies often sponsor applications for this category.
EB-5: Immigrant Investor Program
The EB-5 visa allows foreign investors to support the U.S. economy through a qualifying investment. Applicants must invest in a new commercial enterprise and ensure their investment creates at least ten full-time jobs for American workers.
Each category has specific requirements and benefits. With this, you should consider the different factors influencing your application process. Grasping these aspects can help you choose the right path for your Green Card journey.
Texas-Specific Considerations
Texas is a significant destination for employment-based immigrants due to its strong economy and diverse job market. Industry demand, labor certification requirements, and investment opportunities all impact Green Card applications in the state. Understanding these key elements can help applicants make informed decisions.
Labor Certification (PERM)
Labor certification is typically required for EB-2 and EB-3 applicants. It confirms that hiring a foreign worker will not harm U.S. job opportunities. Employers must demonstrate that no qualified American workers are available for the position before proceeding with sponsorship.
The process includes advertising the job, reviewing applications, and submitting documentation to the Department of Labor (DOL) for approval. Processing times can differ, and delays may occur based on industry demand and DOL workload.
High-Demand Industries
Texas has a strong job market that attracts foreign professionals. Industries such as oil and gas, technology, and healthcare frequently sponsor employment-based Green Cards. These fields often struggle to find enough skilled American workers, making foreign labor essential.
Texas As A Hub For EB-5 Investors
Texas is a top destination for EB-5 investors. The state’s economic growth, low taxes, and business-friendly environment attract foreign capital. Understanding these opportunities helps investors choose the right projects and meet immigration requirements efficiently.
Aside from these factors, it is vital to understand frequently asked questions about employment-based Green Cards. Knowing the answers to common concerns helps you better prepare for the application process and avoid unnecessary delays.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Understanding the details of an employment-based Green Card application is as important as meeting the basic requirements. Applicants often encounter situations that may affect the eligibility or application timeline. Below are answers to common questions that can help you clarify the process.
What Happens If Your Employer Withdraws Your Petition?
The application may be canceled if an employer withdraws the petition before approval. However, if the I-140 petition has already been approved for at least 180 days, you may retain your priority date and transfer it to a new employer.
Can You Work While Your Green Card Application Is Pending?
Applicants with pending Adjustment of Status (Form I-485) can work in the U.S. with an Employment Authorization Document (EAD). Those going through consular processing must wait until they receive their Green Card before starting work.
Can Your Family Get Green Cards Through Your Petition?
Yes, spouses and unmarried children under 21 may apply for derivative Green Cards based on the primary applicant’s approval. While their Green Card application is under assessment, they can also request work and travel authorization.
A qualified immigration law firm understands these nuances and can confidently help you deal with the legal process. They provide guidance on eligibility, documentation, and procedural requirements. Seeking legal assistance can help avoid delays, address complications, and improve your chances of success.
Let Houston Texas Immigration Lawyers Support You
At Houston Texas Immigration Lawyers, we understand the challenges of securing an employment-based Green Card. Our team provides legal guidance at every stage, from determining eligibility to filing petitions and responding to government requests.
We help employers and foreign professionals navigate labor certification (PERM), adjustment of status, and consular processing. Our lawyers assist in gathering substantial supporting documents, preparing for interviews, and ensuring compliance with immigration laws. If issues arise, we work to resolve delays, denials, or requests for additional evidence.
With personalized legal strategies, we help skilled workers, professionals, and investors secure permanent residency. Let us guide you through the employment-based Green Card process and support your path to U.S. residency.
Summary
Employment-based Green Cards offer foreign professionals, skilled workers, and investors a path to U.S. residency. Each category—EB-1 through EB-5—has specific requirements, with some needing employer sponsorship and labor certification. Choosing the right category depends on qualifications and career goals.
Texas plays a key role in employment-based immigration due to its job market and investment opportunities. A qualified immigration law firm can assist with petitions, compliance, and legal guidance. Houston Texas Immigration Lawyers provide personalized support to help applicants achieve their residency goals.